While ChatGPT has a high level of acceptance, it still faces issues of ethics, patient privacy, data security, law, credibility and accuracy.

In recent years, artificial intelligence is hot all over the world, setting off a wave of enthusiasm. The study found that ChatGPT can be used as an adjunct to surgical diagnosis and treatment in a variety of ways. One of the values of using ChatGPT is its ability to process large amounts of data quickly and provide relatively accurate information to healthcare professionals.

Due to its high accuracy and ability to handle big data, ChatGPT can be applied in the medical industry for tasks such as assisting in medical diagnosis, predicting certain diseases, and analyzing medical cases. Help healthcare professionals process medical data, provide real-time guidance and feedback, and improve the overall speed and quality of healthcare.

While ChatGPT has a high level of acceptance, it still faces issues of ethics, patient privacy, data security, law, credibility, and accuracy. To explore the practicalities of use, the researchers explored the auxiliary use of ChatGPT in surgical diagnosis and treatment. The paper was published in the International Journal of Surgery (2023 impact factor 12.5). Corresponding author: Dr. Wah Yang, Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University.

"Highlights" :

1. ChatGPT is essential in the adjuvant use of surgical diagnosis and treatment.
2. ChatGPT has a wide range of applications, but requires a lot of research to optimize.
3. The use of ChatGPT is subject to ethical and legal compliance.
4. ChatGPT's potential and accuracy continue to improve with human training.
5. Public trust is critical to the acceptance of ChatGPT's application.

"Conclusion" :

The application of ChatGPT in surgical diagnosis and treatment has good potential and advantages, but it also faces certain limitations and challenges. In future research, it is necessary to improve and perfect the model while strengthening supervision and standardizing application. Although there are some limitations and challenges, it shows great potential in disease diagnosis, surgical planning, treatment formulation, follow-up and prognosis assessment. With the further improvement of technology, the application of artificial intelligence in the medical field will be more extensive.

ChatGPT is an advantageous technology that will yield great medical value, especially in ancillary applications in surgical diagnosis and treatment. Although ChatGPT has broad application prospects in surgical diagnosis and treatment, it still cannot have a disruptive impact on the medical field. In order to make its further application in medicine, it is necessary to train it, strengthen research, formulate relevant laws, carry out education and publicity. It has also been promoted to increase social acceptance, making it a medical device that can be used worldwide. Through extensive research and training, it has become an important tool for auxiliary use in surgical diagnosis and treatment.

Limitations and Challenges:

Since ChatGPT learns and progresses from existing language corpora, its performance and usage ceiling are affected by the quality and quantity of training data, and it requires a large amount of data to train and optimize algorithms. Due to the diversity and complexity of human language, it may not be able to properly understand and handle certain special situations.

Bias and ubiquity are significant challenges when using ChatGPT in healthcare. The data may be dominated by certain demographics, and its algorithms may be biased against specific patient groups, limiting its ability to provide accurate predictions for other populations.

Explainability is one of the most discussed topics regarding the use of artificial intelligence in health care. Ai's lack of interpretability continues to draw criticism. Interpretability, however, is not a purely technical issue, but raises a host of medical, legal, ethical, and social issues that need to be addressed.

These areas need more research and exploration, and as long as it can address a range of limitations and challenges, it can become a socially acceptable and reliable surgical aid.

In a separate paper, the authors' team states:

Large language models (LLMS) can respond to free-text queries without specific training for the task in question, which has generated both excitement and concern about their use in healthcare scenarios.

LLM can be used as an auxiliary tool for surgical diagnosis and treatment. It can be used to assist in tasks such as diagnosis, prediction of diseases and analysis of medical cases, and can be used as an auxiliary tool to help healthcare professionals; But human oversight and ethics are needed.

The LLM is still inferior to the clinician and it is by no means a substitute for professional medical advice. When used in the medical field, professional supervision is essential. When performing a medical act, the person operating the GPT must be able to interpret and process the results generated, make informed decisions based on clinical judgment, and check the authenticity of the information. In this new era of digital life and artificial intelligence, the potential for medical applications of LLM in diagnosis and treatment is huge.

Nevertheless, research, training, consensus, and guidelines are needed to facilitate its application. At the same time, researchers need to deepen society's trust in LLMS to maximize their effectiveness and acceptance. The potential of GPT is huge, with proven accuracy and usability. In some cases, GPT may be beneficial for health care workers. GPT can provide relevant literature and information to help those who need the latest research or treatment options for a specific disease, providing convenient and accurate information.

In addition, as the world becomes increasingly connected, GPT has the potential to revolutionize travel medicine to avoid health risks. More research is needed to demonstrate effectiveness, accuracy and reliability in the surgical field

Au K, Yang W. Auxiliary use of ChatGPT in surgical diagnosis and treatment. Int J Surg. 2023 Dec 1;109(12):3940-3943. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000686. PMID: 37678271; PMCID: PMC10720849.

Lo F, Au K, Yang W. Correspondence of 'Evaluation of large language models in breast cancer clinical scenarios: a comparative analysis based on ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Claude2'. Int J Surg. 2024 Sep 1;110(9):5865-5866. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000001616. PMID: 38752481; PMCID: PMC11392117.